The men of Israel and Judah - See 1 Samuel 15:4 note.

Shaaraim - A town of Judah in the Shephelah (see the marginal…

To the valley. —More accurately, to a valley; there is no article in the Hebrew. This lack of the article at once suggest…

And the men of Israel and of Judah arose
From their encampment and entrenchment, or they prepared for a pursuit:

See how frail and uncertain life is, even when a man thinks himself best fortified; how quickly, how easily, and by how small a matter, the passage…