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And Jehovah hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he pursued after the children of Israel: for the children of Israel went out with a high hand.

Commentaries

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Charles Ellicott

Charles Ellicott

CharlesEllicott

19th Century
Anglican
19th Century

The children of Israel went out. —Rather, were going out.

With an high hand —i.e., confidently, bo…

Charles Spurgeon

Charles Spurgeon

CharlesSpurgeon

19th Century
Baptist
19th Century

They were resolute and brave as long as they realized that God was with them; and the Egyptians behind them were bold and proud although God was no…

John Calvin

John Calvin

JohnCalvin

16th Century
Protestant
16th Century

And the children of Israel went out.153 Moses indirectly rebukes their excessive security, which had freed them completely from…

John Gill

John Gill

JohnGill

17th Century
Reformed Baptist
17th Century

And the Lord hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt
As he said he would, (Exodus 14:4),

Matthew Henry

Matthew Henry

MatthewHenry

17th Century
Presbyterian
17th Century

Pharaoh would think that all Israel was entangled in the wilderness and so would become easy prey. But God says, I will be honoured upon Pharao…

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