With whom thou hast labored – The multitude of diviners, astrologers, and merchants with whom you have been connected and employed. The id…

Thy merchants, from thy youth ... —The commerce of Babylon is specially prominent in all descriptions. (Compare Herodotus 1.194-196;[Refer…

So shall they be to you. After threatening destruction to those astronomers, he again returns to the Babylonians and threatens that they m…

Thus shall they be unto you with whom you have laboured ,
&c.] In training them up in those arts, and in consulting …

Let us beware of acting and speaking as Babylon did; of trusting in tyranny and oppression; of boasting about our abilities, relying on ourselves, …

1. Come down, and sit in the dust. Here the prophet foretells the degradation of the kingdom of Babylon. In this regard, he does th…