Albert Barnes Commentary 1 Samuel 23:1

"And they told David, saying, Behold, the Philistines are fighting against Keilah, and are robbing the threshing-floors." — 1 Samuel 23:1 (ASV)

David’s growing importance, fugitive as he was, is marked by this appeal to him for deliverance from the Philistines. The threshing floors were natural targets for plunder (Judges 6:11). Keilah was in the Shephelah, probably close to the Philistine border, but its site is uncertain.

Joshua 2:11; Joshua 23:1