Albert Barnes Commentary 2 Kings 15:29

"In the days of Pekah king of Israel came Tiglath-pileser king of Assyria, and took Ijon, and Abel-beth-maacah, and Janoah, and Kedesh, and Hazor, and Gilead, and Galilee, all the land of Naphtali; and he carried them captive to Assyria." — 2 Kings 15:29 (ASV)

Tiglath-Pileser is the first Assyrian monarch mentioned in Scripture who can be definitively identified with a king from historical monuments. According to Assyrian records, he reigned from 745 to 727 B.C. These records reveal him as an energetic and powerful prince—though likely a usurper—who built and repaired palaces, raised armies, and waged successful wars against Merodach-Baladan in Babylonia, Rezin in Damascus, Hiram in Tyre, the Medes, the Armenians, the people of Northern Mesopotamia, and the Arabs bordering Egypt. His Assyrian name, Tiglat-pal-zira, is composed of the elements tiglat, “adoration,” pal, “son,” and zira, a word of uncertain meaning.

Ijon and Abel-beth-maachah — Regarding the location of the towns mentioned in this verse, see the related note and Joshua 19:36. Janoah is not the Janohah of Joshua 16:6 (modern Yanun, southeast of Nablus), but a city (possibly Hunin) near the Sea of Merom. In this context, Gilead is probably limited to a small district of Peraea, east of Lake Merom, which was later known as Gaulanitis (the reading in the Septuagint). If this is the case, it suggests two separate expeditions by Tiglath-Pileser against Pekah: the first is mentioned here, and the second is recorded in Chronicles and Isaiah (see the note on 2 Kings 16:9).