Albert Barnes Commentary Acts 10:23

"So he called them in and lodged them. And on the morrow he arose and went forth with them, and certain of the brethren from Joppa accompanied him." — Acts 10:23 (ASV)

And lodged them. They remained with him through the night. Four days were occupied before Peter met Cornelius at Caesarea. On the first, the angel appeared to Cornelius; on the second, the messengers arrived at Joppa, Acts 10:9; on the third, Peter returned with them, Acts 10:23; and on the fourth, they arrived at Caesarea, Acts 10:24, 30.

And certain brethren. Some Christians. They were six in number, Acts 11:12. It was usual for the early Christians to accompany the apostles in their journeys. Romans 15:24; Acts 15:3; 3 John 1:6; 1 Corinthians 16:6, 11.

As this was an important event in the history of the church—the bearing of the gospel to a Gentile—it was more natural and proper that Peter should be accompanied by others.