Albert Barnes Commentary Ezekiel 45:1

"Moreover, when ye shall divide by lot the land for inheritance, ye shall offer an oblation unto Jehovah, a holy portion of the land; the length shall be the length of five and twenty thousand [reeds], and the breadth shall be ten thousand: it shall be holy in all the border thereof round about." — Ezekiel 45:1 (ASV)

By lot - Not by casting lots, but by “allotment,” the several portions being assigned by rule (Joshua 13:6).

Oblation - The oblation (properly “heaveoffering”) was regarded as the Lord’s portion (Leviticus 27:30). This “oblation” is given here as part of the provision made for the priests, and was probably instead of tithes (Leviticus 27:30; Numbers 18:21), just as the prince had his definite portion of land instead of being supported by the contributions of the people.

The priests and Levites had, in addition, the sacrifices (Ezekiel 44:28, note). This provision for them, out of proportion in any actual arrangement, is no doubt intended to symbolize the reverence and honor due to God, and expressed by liberality to His services and His ministers.

The Septuagint read “the breadth twenty thousand;” and those who adopt this, read (Ezekiel 45:3) “and from this” whole measure is to be deducted the priests’ special portion 25,000 from east to west, and 10,000 from north to south.

Others, retaining the reading of the text, suppose the term oblation here to denote the portion assigned to the priests alone , and “of this measure” (Ezekiel 45:3) to mean not “deducted from this measure,” but “computed by this measure.”

The King James Version rightly supplies “reeds,” since the precincts (Ezekiel 42:20) were 500 “reeds” square. 25,000 reeds is about 42 1/2 statute miles, or 36 1/2 geographic miles.