Albert Barnes Commentary Ezra 4:19

"And I decreed, and search hath been made, and it is found that this city of old time hath made insurrection against kings, and that rebellion and sedition have been made therein." — Ezra 4:19 (ASV)

The archives of the Babylonian kingdom would contain accounts of the insurrections raised, or threatened, by Jehoiakim, Jehoiachin, and Zedekiah (2 Kings 24:1, 10, 20). It does not appear that there had ever been any rebellion against Persia.