Albert Barnes Commentary Galatians 5:3

"Yea, I testify again to every man that receiveth circumcision, that he is a debtor to do the whole law." — Galatians 5:3 (ASV)

For I testify again. Probably he had stated this when he had preached the gospel to them at first, and he now solemnly bears witness to the same thing again. Bloomfield, however, supposes that the word again here palin means, on the other hand; or furthermore; or, as we would say, "and again."

That he is a debtor to do the whole law. He binds himself to obey all the law of Moses. Circumcision was the distinguishing badge of the Jews, as baptism is of Christians. A man, therefore, who became circumcised, became a professor of the Jewish religion, and bound himself to obey all its peculiar laws. This must be understood, of course, with reference to the point under discussion; and means, if he did it with a view to justification, or as a thing that was necessary and binding. It would not apply to a case like that of Timothy, where it was a matter of mere expediency or prudence (see the notes on Galatians 5:2).