Albert Barnes Commentary Isaiah 10:23

"For a full end, and that determined, will the Lord, Jehovah of hosts, make in the midst of all the earth." — Isaiah 10:23 (ASV)

For the Lord God of hosts - Note, (Isaiah 1:9).

Shall make a consumption - The Hebrew of this verse might be rendered, ‘for its destruction is completed, and is determined on; the Lord Yahweh of hosts will execute it in the midst of the land.’ Our translation, however, expresses the force of the original. It means that the destruction was fixed in the mind or purpose of God, and would be certainly executed.

The translation by the Septuagint, which is followed for the most part by the apostle Paul in quoting this passage, is somewhat different: ‘For he will finish the work, and cut it short in righteousness, for a short work will the Lord make in the whole habitable world’—ἐν τῇ οἰκουμένῃ ὅλῃ (en tē oikoumenē holē); as quoted by Paul, ‘upon the earth’—ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς (epi tēs gēs).

For the manner in which this passage is quoted by Paul, see the notes on Romans 9:27-28.

In the midst of all the land - That is, the land of Israel, because the threatened judgment extended no further.