Albert Barnes Commentary Isaiah 24:5

"The earth also is polluted under the inhabitants thereof; because they have transgressed the laws, violated the statutes, broken the everlasting covenant." — Isaiah 24:5 (ASV)

The earth also is defiled under the inhabitants thereof — The statements in this verse are given as a reason why the curse had been pronounced against them and why these calamities had come upon them (Isaiah 24:6). The first reason is that the very earth became polluted by their crimes. This phrase may denote that injustice and cruelty prevailed to such an extent that the very earth was stained with gore and covered with blood under the guilty population. So the phrase is used in Numbers 33:33; Psalms 106:38. Or it may mean in general that the wickedness of the people was great and was accumulating, and the very earth under them was polluted by sustaining such a population. But the former is probably the correct interpretation.

Changed the ordinance — Or, the statute (חק chôq). This word, from חקק châqaq — to engrave, and then to make or institute a law or an ordinance — is usually applied to the positive statutes appointed by Moses. The word statute accurately expresses the idea. These they had changed by introducing new statutes and had in fact, if not in form, repealed the laws of Moses and introduced others.

Broken the everlasting covenant — The word ‘covenant’ here is evidently used, as it often is, in the sense of law. By the term ‘everlasting covenant,’ Vitringa correctly supposes, are denoted the laws of nature, the immutable laws of justice and right, which are engraved on the conscience and which are inflexible and perpetual.