Albert Barnes Commentary Isaiah 65:25

"The wolf and the lamb shall feed together, and the lion shall eat straw like the ox; and dust shall be the serpent`s food. They shall not hurt nor destroy in all my holy mountain, saith Jehovah." — Isaiah 65:25 (ASV)

The wolf and the lamb shall feed together - (See the notes at Isaiah 11:0).

And the lion shall eat straw - It will eat hay or provender like the ox. The food of the lion now is flesh. Changes will take place as great as if its nature were changed, and it would graze with the herds of the field. See a full illustration of this sentiment from the classical writers in the notes at Isaiah 11:6.

Like the bullock - Or the ox—the cattle that herd together—for this is what the Hebrew word (בקר bâqâr) means. The word may be applied to a bullock, an ox, or a cow.

And dust shall be the serpent’s meat - There is evidently here an allusion to the sentence pronounced on the serpent in Genesis 3:14. The meaning of the declaration here is probably that dust will continue to be the food of the serpent. The sentence on him will be perpetual. He will not be injurious to man—either by tempting him again, or by the venom of his fangs.

The state of security would be as great under the Messiah as if the most deadly and poisonous kinds of reptiles became wholly innoxious, and did not attempt to prey upon people. It is to be remembered that many of the serpent kind included under the general word used here (נחשׁ nāchâsh), were dangerous to people; and indeed a large portion of them are deadly in their bite.

But in future times there will be a state of security as great as if the whole serpent tribe were innocuous and lived on the dust alone. There can be no doubt that the prophet means here to describe the passions and evil propensities of people. These passions and propensities have a strong resemblance to the ferocity of the wolf, or the lion, and the deadly poison of the serpent. The prophet intends to say that those passions would be subdued, and that peace and concord would prevail on the earth (see the notes at Isaiah 11:8).

They shall not hurt nor destroy - See this explained in the notes at Isaiah 11:9. All this is partially realized wherever the gospel prevails, but it will be more fully realized when that gospel exerts its full power and is spread around the world.