Albert Barnes Commentary Jeremiah 23:6

"In his days Judah shall be saved, and Israel shall dwell safely; and this is his name whereby he shall be called: Jehovah our righteousness." — Jeremiah 23:6 (ASV)

This is his name by which he will be called – From remote antiquity the person spoken of here has been understood to be “the righteous germ,” and this alone is in accordance with the grammar and the sense. Nevertheless, because Jeremiah (Jeremiah 33:15–16) also applies the name to Jerusalem, some understand it to refer to Israel.

The LORD OUR RIGHTEOUSNESS – Messiah is here called:

1. Yahweh, and
2. Our righteousness, because He justifies us by His merits.

Some interpret it as, He by whom Yahweh works righteousness. Righteousness, in that case, is personal holiness, which is the work of the Spirit after justification.