Albert Barnes Commentary Jeremiah 25:3

"From the thirteenth year of Josiah the son of Amon, king of Judah, even unto this day, these three and twenty years, the word of Jehovah hath come unto me, and I have spoken unto you, rising up early and speaking; but ye have not hearkened." — Jeremiah 25:3 (ASV)

The twenty-third year – that is, nineteen under Josiah, and four under Jehoiakim. This prophecy divides itself into three parts:

1. The judgment of Judah (Jeremiah 25:3–11), and Babylon’s doom (Jeremiah 25:12–14).
2. The wine-cup of fury (Jeremiah 25:15–29).
3. The judgment of the world (Jeremiah 25:30–38).