Albert Barnes Commentary Jeremiah 31:5

"Again shalt thou plant vineyards upon the mountains of Samaria; the planters shall plant, and shall enjoy [the fruit thereof]." — Jeremiah 31:5 (ASV)

Shall eat them as common things – Rather, shall eat the fruit. Literally, as in the margin. For three years the fruit of a newly-planted tree was not to be touched; that of the fourth year was consecrated to God, but on the fifth year it was profane, that is, unconsecrated, and so might be applied to the owner’s use (Leviticus 19:23–25).