Albert Barnes Commentary Job 34:24

"He breaketh in pieces mighty men [in ways] past finding out, And setteth others in their stead." — Job 34:24 (ASV)

He shall break in pieces - He crushes or destroys the great. He is not intimidated by their wealth, their rank, or their number.

Without number - Margin, more correctly, “searching out.” This means he acts without the lengthy process of a judicial investigation. The Hebrew word used here (חקר chêqer) properly means “a searching out,” “an examination”; and the meaning here is that there is no need for him to conduct a lengthy investigation into the lives of wicked people before he brings them to punishment. He sees them at once, knows all their conduct, and may proceed against them without delay. This is why he often comes so suddenly and cuts them off.

A human tribunal must examine witnesses and consider all palliating circumstances before it can pronounce a sentence on an offender. But it is not so with God. He judges at once and directly, and therefore comes forth suddenly to cut down the guilty.

And set others in their stead - Place others in the situation which they now occupy. That is, he can with the utmost ease make entire revolutions among people.