Albert Barnes Commentary John 1:10

"He was in the world, and the world was made through him, and the world knew him not." — John 1:10 (ASV)

He was in the world. This refers, probably, not to his pre-existence, but to the fact that he became incarnate; that he dwelt among men.

And the world was made by him. This is a repetition of what is said in John 1:3. Not only men, but all material things, were made by him. These facts are mentioned here to make what is said immediately after more striking, namely, that men did not receive him. The proofs which he provided that they ought to receive him were:

1. Those given while he was in the world—the miracles that he performed and his instructions; and,
2. The fact that the world was made by him; it was remarkable that the world did not know or approve its own maker.

The world knew him not. The word "knew" is sometimes used in the sense of approving or loving (Psalms 1:6; Matthew 7:23). In this sense, it may be used here. The world did not love or approve him, but rejected him and put him to death.

Or it may mean that they did not understand or know that he was the Messiah. For if the Jews had known and believed that he was the Messiah, they would not have put him to death, as stated in 1 Corinthians 2:8: Had they known it, they would not have crucified the Lord of glory.

Yet they might have known it, and therefore they were no less to blame.