Albert Barnes Commentary Joshua 11:5

"And all these kings met together; and they came and encamped together at the waters of Merom, to fight with Israel." — Joshua 11:5 (ASV)

Waters of Merom - that is, “the upper waters,” the modern Bahr el Huleh, the lake Semechonitis, or Samochonitis of Josephus. This lake occupies the southern half of the Ard el Huleh, a depressed basin some 15 miles long and 3 or 4 miles wide lying between the hills of Galilee on the west and the lower spurs of Hermon on the east.

The size of the lake varies with the season, and its northern side ends in a large swamp. The shape of the lake is triangular, the point being at the south, where the Jordan, which enters it on the north, again leaves it. There is a considerable space of tableland along the southwestern shore, and here the troops of Jabin and his confederates were probably encamped, preparing to move southward when Joshua and his army fell suddenly upon them.