Albert Barnes Commentary Joshua 14:10

"And now, behold, Jehovah hath kept me alive, as he spake, these forty and five years, from the time that Jehovah spake this word unto Moses, while Israel walked in the wilderness: and now, lo, I am this day fourscore and five years old." — Joshua 14:10 (ASV)

Forty and five years - The word of God to Moses was spoken after the return of the spies in the autumn of the second year after the Exodus (Numbers 13:25); subsequently, 38 years elapsed before the people reached the Jordan (Numbers 20:1). After the passage of the Jordan, seven more years had passed when Caleb claimed Hebron, before the partition of the land among the nine tribes and a half. These seven years then correspond to the “long time” (Joshua 11:18) during which Joshua was making war with the Canaanites. They are, in the continuation of this verse, added by Caleb to the years of wandering, since during them the people had no settled abodes.