Albert Barnes Commentary Leviticus 2:4-10

"And when thou offerest an oblation of a meal-offering baken in the oven, it shall be unleavened cakes of fine flour mingled with oil, or unleavened wafers anointed with oil. And if thy oblation be a meal-offering of the baking-pan, it shall be of fine flour unleavened, mingled with oil. Thou shalt part it in pieces, and pour oil thereon: it is a meal-offering. And if thy oblation be a meal-offering of the frying-pan, it shall be made of fine flour with oil. And thou shalt bring the meal-offering that is made of these things unto Jehovah: and it shall be presented unto the priest, and he shall bring it unto the altar. And the priest shall take up from the meal-offering the memorial thereof, and shall burn it upon the altar, an offering made by fire, of a sweet savor unto Jehovah. And that which is left of the meal-offering shall be Aaron`s and his sons`: it is a thing most holy of the offerings of Jehovah made by fire." — Leviticus 2:4-10 (ASV)

The four kinds of bread and the three cooking utensils that are mentioned in this section were probably such as were in common use in the daily life of the Israelites; and there appears no reason to doubt that they were such as are still used in the East. The variety of the offerings was most likely permitted to suit the different circumstances of the worshipers (Leviticus 2:4).

Oven - This was probably a portable vessel of earthenware, shaped like a cone about 3 feet 6 inches high and 1 foot 6 inches in diameter. Similar jars are now used for the same purpose by the Arabs. After the vessel has been thoroughly heated by a fire lit inside, the cakes are placed within it, and the top is covered until they are sufficiently baked. Meanwhile, the outside of the vessel is utilized. Dough rolled out very thin is spread over it, and a sort of wafer is produced that is considerably thinner than a Scotch oatcake (Leviticus 2:5).

A pan - Rather, as in the margin, a flat plate. It was probably made of earthenware, like the oven (Leviticus 2:6).

Part it in pieces - Break, not cut. The Bedouins customarily break up their cakes when warm and mix the fragments with butter when that luxury is available (Leviticus 2:7).

Fryingpan - Rather, a pan commonly used for boiling. It is possible that the cakes mentioned here were boiled in oil. The “pan” (Leviticus 2:5) and the “frying pan” (Leviticus 2:7) may have been the common cooking implements of the poorest of the people.