Albert Barnes Commentary Matthew 21:39

"And they took him, and cast him forth out of the vineyard, and killed him." — Matthew 21:39 (ASV)

And they caught him, etc. This refers to the conduct of the Jews in putting the Saviour to death. So they understood it (Matthew 21:45). The Jews put him to death, after they had persecuted and slain the prophets. This was done by giving him into the hands of the Romans, and seeking his crucifixion (Matthew 27:20–25; Acts 2:23; Acts 7:51–52).

And cast him out of the vineyard. The vineyard in this parable may represent Jerusalem. Jesus was crucified out of Jerusalem, on Mount Calvary (Luke 23:33).