Albert Barnes Commentary Matthew 26:51

"And behold, one of them that were with Jesus stretched out his hand, and drew his sword, and smote the servant of the high priest, and struck off his ear." — Matthew 26:51 (ASV)

One of them which were with Jesus. John informs us that this was Peter. The other evangelists concealed the name, probably because they wrote while Peter was living, and it might have endangered Peter if it became known.

And drew his sword. The apostles were not commonly armed. On this occasion they had provided two swords, Luke 22:38. In seasons of danger, when travelling through the country, they found it necessary to provide means to defend themselves against the robbers that infested the country. This accounts for their having any swords in their possession. (See Barnes on Luke 10:30).

These swords, Josephus informs us, the people were accustomed to carry under their garments as they went up to Jerusalem.

A servant of the High Priest's. His name, John informs us, was Malchus. Luke adds that Jesus touched the ear and healed it; thus showing his benevolence to his foes when they sought his life, and giving them proof that they were attacking Him who was sent from heaven.