Albert Barnes Commentary Psalms 105:22

"To bind his princes at his pleasure, And teach his elders wisdom." — Psalms 105:22 (ASV)

To bind his princes at pleasure - Giving him absolute power. The power referred to here was that which was always claimed in despotic governments, and was, and still is, actually practiced in Eastern nations. Literally, “to bind his princes ‘by his soul;’” that is, at his will; or, as he chose.

And teach his senators wisdom - This is now an unfortunate translation. The word “senator” in fact originally had reference to “age” (see Webster’s Dictionary), but it is now commonly applied to a body of men entrusted with a share in the administration of government—usually a higher body in a government—as the Senate of the United States. As these were usually “aged men,” the word has acquired its present meaning and is now ordinarily used without reference to age.

But there was no such constituted body in the government of Egypt—for despotism does not admit of such an arrangement. The Hebrew word here means “aged men” and is employed with reference to those who were connected with the administration, or whom the monarch would consult—his counselors. The meaning of the phrase “to teach them wisdom” is that he would instruct them “what to do;” literally, he would “make them wise,” that is, in reference to the administration.

He had the right of commanding them and directing them in the administration. At the same time, it is doubtless true that Joseph was endowed with practical wisdom in the affairs of government far beyond them, and that in instructing them what to do, he actually imparted wisdom to them.