Albert Barnes Commentary Psalms 107:32

"Let them exalt him also in the assembly of the people, And praise him in the seat of the elders." — Psalms 107:32 (ASV)

Let them exalt him also - Let them lift up his name on high; let them make it conspicuous. The word means “to lift up,” and is applied to praise because we thus, as it were, “lift up” God, or make him conspicuous.

In the congregation of the people - This means not merely in private, but in public. As his actions are public and conspicuous—as they pertain to all—people should acknowledge him in their public capacity, or when assembled together.

And praise him in the assembly of the elders - This refers to the old men, those eminent for experience and wisdom. Perhaps this means those who occupied an official position in public worship, appointed to preside over that worship and to conduct it. We know that the arrangement was made early to appoint a body of aged men to preside over the assemblies for worship and to direct the devotions of the people.

In the presence of such venerable and venerated men, they are here exhorted to give due praise to God. The “reason” for this exhortation seems to be partly drawn from what was mentioned in the previous verses—the power of God as seen in stilling the tempests of the ocean—and partly from what is immediately referred to: the blessing of God on human labor in cultivating the earth.