Albert Barnes Commentary Psalms 73:11

"And they say, How doth God know? And is there knowledge in the Most High?" — Psalms 73:11 (ASV)

And they say - His people say. The connection demands this interpretation. The meaning is that his people, as they return again and again to this subject (Psalms 73:10), are constrained to put this question. They are compelled by these facts to start such painful inquiries about God; and distressing as the inquiries are, and as the doubts they involve are, these thoughts will pass through their minds, even though, to avoid giving needless pain to those who have no such perplexities and difficulties, they keep these thoughts to themselves (Psalms 73:15).

How does God know? - That is, how can these facts be reconciled with God’s omniscience? How can it be that he sees all this, and yet allows it to occur, or that he does not interpose to prevent it? Is it not a fair inference from these facts that God does not see them, and that he is not an Omniscient Being? Can it be explained, can it be believed, that God sees all this, and that he calmly looks on, and does nothing to prevent it? If he sees it, why does he not interpose and put an end to it? These perplexities were not confined to the psalmist. They are such as have been felt by good people in all ages; and no one yet has been able to furnish a solution to them that is wholly free from difficulty.

And is there knowledge in the Most High? - Can there be in God a knowledge of these facts? Are we not driven to the conclusion that he must be ignorant of them? For, if he knew them, would he not interpose to prevent them? How can it be consistent with the idea that he knows them, and sees them, that he does not interpose, and that he allows these things to take place without any attempt to check such evils? Who, even now, can answer these questions?