A.T. Robertson Commentary John 13:38

"Jesus answereth, Wilt thou lay down thy life for me? Verily, verily, I say unto thee, The cock shall not crow, till thou hast denied me thrice." — John 13:38 (ASV)

Wilt thou lay down? (θησεισ; ). Jesus picks up Peter's very words and challenges his boasted loyalty. See such repetition in 16:16f.,31; 21:17.

Shall not crow (φωνηση). Aorist active subjunctive of φωνεω, to use the voice, used of animals and men. Note strong double negative ου μη. Mark adds δις (twice). John's report is almost identical with that in Lu 22:34. The other disciples joined in Peter's boast (Matthew 26:35).

Till thou hast denied (εως ου αρνηση). Future middle indicative or aorist middle subjunctive second person singular (form identical) with compound conjunction εως ου (until which time), "till thou deny or deniest" (futurum exactum needless). Peter is silenced for the present. They all "sat astounded and perplexed" (Dods).