A.T. Robertson Commentary


A.T. Robertson Commentary
"But speak thou the things which befit the sound doctrine:" — Titus 2:1 (ASV)
But speak thou (συ δε λαλε). In contrast to these Pharisaic Gnostics in Crete.
Befit (πρεπε). Old verb to be becoming, seemly. See 1 Timothy 2:10; Ephesians 5:3. With dative case διδασκαλια.
Sound (υγιαινουση). Healthful as in 1:13; 2:2; 1 Timothy 1:10, common word in the Pastorals.
"that aged men be temperate, grave, sober-minded, sound in faith, in love, in patience:" — Titus 2:2 (ASV)
Aged men (πρεσβυτας). See Phm 1:9 for this word. For discussion of family life see also Co 3:18-4:1; Ephesians 5:6–22:9; 1 Timothy 5:1–6:2. For the adjectives here see 1 Timothy 3:2,8; for the substantives see 1 Timothy 6:11.
"that aged women likewise be reverent in demeanor, not slanderers nor enslaved to much wine, teachers of that which is good;" — Titus 2:3 (ASV)
Aged women (πρεσβυτιδας). Old word, feminine of πρεσβυτης, only here in N.T. See πρεσβυτερας in 1 Timothy 5:2.
Reverent (ιεροπρεπεις). Old word (ειροσ, πρεπε). Only here in N.T. Same idea in 1 Timothy 2:10. Like people engaged in sacred duties (Lock).
In demeanour (εν καταστηματ). Late and rare word (inscriptions) from καθιστημ, deportment, only here in N.T.
Not slanderers (μη διαβολους). See 1 Timothy 3:11; 2 Timothy 3:3.
Nor enslaved to much wine (μηδε οινω πολλω δεδουλωμενας). Perfect passive participle of δουλοω, with dative case οινω. See 1 Timothy 3:8. "It is proved by experience that the reclamation of a woman drunkard is almost impossible" (White). But God can do the "impossible."
Teachers of that which is good (καλοδιδασκαλους). Compound word found here alone, bona docentes (teaching good and beautiful things). A sorely needed mission.
"that they may train the young women to love their husbands, to love their children," — Titus 2:4 (ASV)
That they may train (ινα σωφρονιζωσιν). Purpose clause, ινα and present active subjunctive of σωφρονιζω, old verb (from σωφρων, sound in mind, σαοσ, φρην, as in this verse), to make sane, to restore to one's senses, to discipline, only here in N.T.
To love their husbands (φιλανδρους εινα). Predicate accusative with εινα of old adjective φιλανδρος (φιλοσ, ανηρ, fond of one's husband), only here in N.T. Ανηρ means man, of course, as well as husband, but only husband here, not "fond of men" (other men than their own).
To love their children (φιλοτεκνους). Another old compound, here only in N.T. This exhortation is still needed where some married women prefer poodle-dogs to children.
"[to be] sober-minded, chaste, workers at home, kind, being in subjection to their own husbands, that the word of God be not blasphemed:" — Titus 2:5 (ASV)
Workers at home (οικουργους). So the oldest MSS. (from οικοσ, εργου) instead of οικουρους, keepers at home (from κοισο, ουρος, keeper). Rare word, found in Soranus, a medical writer, Field says. Cf. 1 Timothy 5:13. "Keepers at home" are usually "workers at home."
Kind (αγαθας). See Ro 5:7. See Col 3:18; Ephesians 5:22 for the same use of υποτασσομα, to be in subjection. Note ιδιοις (their own). See 1 Timothy 6:1 for the same negative purpose clause (ινα μη βλασφημητα).
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