Charles Ellicott Commentary 1 Chronicles 9:5

"And of the Shilonites: Asaiah the first-born, and his sons." — 1 Chronicles 9:5 (ASV)

And of the Shilonites. —Shilonite means “man of Shiloh,” the ancient capital of Ephraim; whereas 1 Chronicles 9:4–6 have to do with Judah. The three sons of Judah, after whom three great sub-tribal divisions were named, were Pharez, Shelah, and Zarah (Genesis 38). The clan of Shelah was called the Shelanite (Numbers 26:20), and that is doubtless the correct reading here (see 1 Chronicles 2:3; 1 Chronicles 4:21), supported as it is by the Septuagint (Σηλωνι) and the Targum.

Asaiah (“Jah has wrought”) is essentially the same as “Maaseiah” (“Work of Jah”) in Nehemiah 11:5, where six progenitors are enumerated.

The firstborn. —That is, the leading clan.

His sons. —The members of the clan.