Charles Ellicott Commentary 1 Samuel 13:20

"but all the Israelites went down to the Philistines, to sharpen every man his share, and his coulter, and his axe, and his mattock;" — 1 Samuel 13:20 (ASV)

To sharpen every man his share, and his coulter. —Porsenna, we read, in the time of the wars of the Republic, allowed the Romans iron implements for agriculture only. Coulter.— In Isaiah 2:4, Joel 3:10, this word is rendered “ploughshares”; so most of the older versions. We cannot now with any precision distinguish between these two implements of tillage.

And his mattock. —Jerome renders the Hebrew word here by “hoe” (sarculum). It was probably a kind of heavy hoe, used for turning up the ground.