Charles Ellicott Commentary 1 Samuel 2:1

"And Hannah prayed, and said: My heart exulteth in Jehovah; My horn is exalted in Jehovah; My mouth is enlarged over mine enemies; Because I rejoice in thy salvation." — 1 Samuel 2:1 (ASV)

And Hannah prayed, and said. —“Prayed,” not quite in the sense in which we generally understand prayer. Her prayer here asks for nothing; it is rather a song of thanksgiving for the past, a song which passes into expressions of sure confidence for the future.

She had been an unhappy woman; her life had been, she thought, a failure. Her dearest hopes had been baffled; vexed, tormented, and utterly cast down, she had fled to the Rock of Israel for help. In the eternal pity of the Divine Friend of her people, she had found rest and then joy.

Out of her own individual experience, the Spirit of the Lord taught her to discern the general laws of the Divine economy. She had personal experience of the gracious government of the kind, all-pitiful God.

Her own mercies were a pledge to her of the gracious way in which the nation itself was led by Jehovah. They were a sign by which she discerned how the Eternal not only always delivered the individual sufferer who turned to Him, but would also at all times be ever ready to help and deliver His people.

The Spirit of the Lord first planted these true, beautiful thoughts in Hannah’s heart and then gave her lips grace and power to utter them in the sublime language of her hymn. This hymn became one of the loved songs of the people and, as such, was handed down from father to son, from generation to generation, in Israel, in the very words that first fell from the blessed mother of the child-prophet in her quiet home of “Ramah of the Watchers.”

My heart rejoiceth. —The first verse of four lines is the introduction to the Divine song. She would give utterance to her holy joy. Had she not received the blessing at last which all mothers in Israel so longed for?

Mine horn is exalted. —She does not mean by this, “I am proud,” but “I am strong”—mighty now in the gift I have received from the Lord: glorious in the consciousness “I have a God-Friend who hears me.” The image “horn” is taken from oxen and those animals whose strength lies in their horns. It is a favorite Hebrew symbol, one that had become familiar to them from their long experience—dating from far-back patriarchal times—as a shepherd-people.