Charles Ellicott Commentary 1 Timothy 5:4

"But if any widow hath children or grandchildren, let them learn first to show piety towards their own family, and to requite their parents: for this is acceptable in the sight of God." — 1 Timothy 5:4 (ASV)

But if any widow have children or nephews, let them learn first to shew piety at home, and to requite their parents (or, nephews).—The Greek word used here should be rendered grandchildren; the original meaning of “nephew” (nepotes) has disappeared.

Here, a warning is given against allowing the Church to be burdened with a responsibility that others should bear. This warning takes the form of a pressing reminder to the children or grandchildren of the destitute and desolate widow.

It is a solemn and imperative duty for children to provide all necessary support—a duty not to be evaded by anyone bearing the Christian name.

For that is good and acceptable before God.—A special blessing is promised to those who truly carry out this too often forgotten duty (and also compare to Mark 7:10-11).