Charles Ellicott Commentary 2 Samuel 3:2-5

"And unto David were sons born in Hebron: and his first-born was Amnon, of Ahinoam the Jezreelitess; and his second, Chileab, of Abigail the wife of Nabal the Carmelite; and the third, Absalom the son of Maacah the daughter of Talmai king of Geshur; and the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith; and the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital; and the sixth, Ithream, of Eglah, David`s wife. These were born to David in Hebron." — 2 Samuel 3:2-5 (ASV)

And unto David. —The list of David’s sons born during his seven and a half years’ reign in Hebron rather interrupts the continuity of the narrative, but is quite in accordance with the practice of the sacred historians to insert statistics about the king's house or family at the beginning or at some turning point in each reign. (See 1 Samuel 14:49–51; 2 Samuel 5:13; 1 Kings 3:1; 1 Kings 14:21; 1 Kings 15:2; 1 Kings 15:9, and others.)

Amnon. —Written “Aminon” in 2 Samuel 13:20. His great crime and miserable end are related in 2 Samuel 13.

Chileab. —Called “Daniel” in 1 Chronicles 3:1. None of the attempts to explain these as two forms of the same name have been successful. Therefore, either “Chileab” is an error of the scribe (all but the first letter being the same as the first three letters of the following word), or, more probably, Chileab had a double name. Nothing further is known of him, and as he does not appear in the subsequent troubles, it is supposed that he died early. These two sons were born of the wives whom David had taken while an outlaw.

Absalom. —His history, rebellion, and death are narrated in 2 Samuel 13-18. His mother was “the daughter of Talmai, king of Geshur,” a small province northeast of Bashan. We are not told how David was brought into connection with him, or whether this alliance had any political object. However, the fact that Absalom, in his exile, naturally sought refuge with his maternal grandmother (2 Samuel 13:37) may have had a connection with David’s subsequent campaigns in that region.

Adonijah. —After the death of his three elder brothers, Adonijah considered himself the rightful heir to the throne and embittered his father's last days by a rebellion (1 Kings 1). He was eventually put to death by Solomon (1 Kings 2:25).

Of the other two sons, Shephatiah and Ithream, and of the mothers of the last three, nothing is known, although there is an absurd Jewish tradition that “Eglah” was another name for “Michal.”