Charles Ellicott Commentary 2 Samuel 8:9

"And when Toi king of Hamath heard that David had smitten all the host of Hadadezer," — 2 Samuel 8:9 (ASV)

Toi king of Hamath. —The Vatican Septuagint has the name, in accordance with Chronicles, Tau. Hamath, the capital of the kingdom of the same name, was situated on the Orontes. According to 1 Chronicles 18:3, David’s victory was on the borders of this kingdom. It was tributary to Solomon (1 Kings 4:24; 2 Chronicles 8:3–4); it subsequently became independent, was recovered by Jeroboam II (2 Kings 14:28), and was finally captured by Assyria (2 Kings 19:13). It is described as “the great” by Amos (Amos 6:2), and a considerable town still occupies its site.