Charles Ellicott Commentary Colossians 2:20

"If ye died with Christ from the rudiments of the world, why, as though living in the world, do ye subject yourselves to ordinances," — Colossians 2:20 (ASV)

If you are dead with Christ.—The whole idea of the death with Christ and resurrection with Him is summed up by St. Paul in Romans 6:3-9, in direct connection (as also here, see Colossians 2:12) with the entrance upon Christian life in baptism, We are buried with Him by baptism unto death ... we are dead with Christ ... we are planted together in the likeness of His death ... that like as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we also should walk in newness of life ... planted together in the likeness of His resurrection ... alive to God through Jesus Christ our Lord. The death with Christ is a death unto “the life of the flesh.”

But this may be (as in Romans 6:1-2, Romans 6:6–7, Romans 6:11) “the life of sin”; or it may be the outward and visible life “of the world.” The latter is the sense to be taken here. This outward life is under “ordinances” (see Colossians 2:1, Colossians 2:1), under the rudiments of the world , or, generally, “under law.” Of such a life St. Paul says , I through the Law died to the Law, that I might live unto God. There (Galatians 4:9), as here, he brands as unspiritual the subjection to the weak and beggarly elements of mere ordinances.

Of course it is clear that in their place such ordinances have their value, both as means to an end, and as symbols of an inner reality of self-devotion. The true teaching as to these is found in our Lord’s declaration to the Pharisees as to spiritual things and outward ordinances, These things (the spiritual things) ought ye to have done, and not to leave the others (the outward observances) undone (Matthew 23:23). In later times St. Paul declared with judicial calmness, The Law is good if a man use it lawfully (1 Timothy 1:8). But to exalt these things to the first place was a fatal superstition, which, both in its earlier and later phases, he denounces unsparingly.

On verses 20-23:

In this and the succeeding section, St. Paul, starting from the idea of union with the Head, draws out the practical consequences of partaking of the death of Christ and the resurrection of Christ. In virtue of the former participation, he exhorts them to be dead to the law of outward ordinances; in virtue of the latter, to have a life hid with Christ in God.