Charles Ellicott Commentary Exodus 12:40

"Now the time that the children of Israel dwelt in Egypt was four hundred and thirty years." — Exodus 12:40 (ASV)

The sojourning of the children of Israel, who dwelt in Egypt. —Hebrew: which they sojourned in Egypt

Was four hundred and thirty years. —Compare the prophecy: Thy seed shall be a stranger in a land that is not theirs [Egypt, not Canaan], and shall serve them; and they shall afflict them four hundred years and also that nation whom they shall serve will I judge (Genesis 15:13–14). The genealogy of Joshua (1 Chronicles 7:22–27), which places him in the eleventh generation from Jacob, accords well with this term of years. The other genealogies are more or less abbreviated.