Charles Ellicott Commentary Exodus 14:23

"And the Egyptians pursued, and went in after them into the midst of the sea, all Pharaoh`s horses, his chariots, and his horsemen." — Exodus 14:23 (ASV)

All Pharaoh’s horses, his chariots, and his horsemen. —The chariot and cavalry force alone entered the sea, not the infantry. (Compare to Exodus 14:28 and Exodus 15:1.) The point is important regarding the question whether the Pharaoh himself perished. If all his force entered, he could hardly have stayed behind; if only a portion, he might have chosen to remain with the others. Menephthah, the probable Pharaoh of the Exodus, tended to consider his own safety. (Records of the Past, vol. iv., pp. 44-45.)