Charles Ellicott Commentary Ezekiel 19:10

"Thy mother was like a vine, in thy blood, planted by the waters: it was fruitful and full of branches by reason of many waters." — Ezekiel 19:10 (ASV)

A vine in thy blood. —The figure here changes to the more common one of a vine, yet by no means the vine of low stature of Ezekiel 17:6; it is rather a strong and goodly vine. The phrase in thy blood is obscure and has caused much perplexity for commentators.

Some ancient versions and some manuscripts have modified the text; but if the text is taken as it stands, the meaning seems to be, “Your mother is like a vine living in the blood (i.e., in the life) of her children.” This would then be a statement amplified in the following, fruitful and full of branches.

The general sense is plain: Israel is described as having been planted a strong and fruitful vine, with every advantage for growth and full development.