Charles Ellicott Commentary Ezra 5:12

"But after that our fathers had provoked the God of heaven unto wrath, he gave them into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, the Chaldean, who destroyed this house, and carried the people away into Babylon." — Ezra 5:12 (ASV)

Gave them into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon, the Chaldean. —These words not only show that the people regarded themselves as punished by the sole hand of God, but also remind the overthrowers of the Chaldean power that they also themselves are no more than instruments of the same Divine will.