Charles Ellicott Commentary Galatians 4:5

"that he might redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons." — Galatians 4:5 (ASV)

To redeem them that were under the law.—To redeem, or ransom, at the price of His death, both Jew and Gentile at once from the condemnation under which the law, to which they were individually subject, placed them, and also from the bondage and constraint which its severe discipline involved.

That we might receive the adoption of sons.—Redemption is followed by adoption. The admission of the believer into the Messianic kingdom, with its immunities from sin and from law, implies an admission into the Messianic family, of which God is the Father and Christ the Eldest Son, first born amongst many brethren.