Charles Ellicott Commentary Genesis 10:3

"And the sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, and Riphath, and Togarmah." — Genesis 10:3 (ASV)

Gomer has three main divisions:

1. Ashkenaz, a region in the neighbourhood of Armenia (Jeremiah 51:27), from where, following the course of Japhethite migration, the race seems to have wandered into Germany. The derivations are all most uncertain; but the Jews call the Germans Ashkenazites and are probably right.
2. Riphath, in 1 Chronicles 1:6, is called Diphath (see Dodanim, below). Riphath is probably right, and the inhabitants of the Riphæan Mountains (the Carpathians?) are the people meant. They were Celts.
3. Togarmah. Certainly Armenia.