Charles Ellicott Commentary Isaiah 36:19

"Where are the gods of Hamath and Arpad? where are the gods of Sepharvaim? and have they delivered Samaria out of my hand?" — Isaiah 36:19 (ASV)

Hamath and Arphad ... —See Note on Isaiah 10:9. Looking to the practice of the Assyrians, the question would have been answered not with the echoing “Where?” which it suggests to modern ears, but with “They are to be seen in the Temples of Assyria, as trophies of its victories.”

Sepharvaim. —The southernmost city of Mesopotamia, on the left bank of the Euphrates, probably the same as the “sun-city” Sippara, in which Xisuthros, the Noah of Chaldean mythology, was said to have concealed the sacred books before the great flood (Records of the Past, vii. 143).