Charles Ellicott Commentary Jeremiah 25:20

"and all the mingled people, and all the kings of the land of the Uz, and all the kings of the Philistines, and Ashkelon, and Gaza, and Ekron, and the remnant of Ashdod;" — Jeremiah 25:20 (ASV)

All the mingled people. —The word is almost identical with that used in Exodus 12:38 of the “mixed multitude” that accompanied the Israelites from Egypt, and in Nehemiah 13:3 of the alien population of Jerusalem. It occurs again in Jeremiah 25:24, Jeremiah 50:37, and Ezekiel 30:5, and is applied to the tribes of mixed races who were, in various degrees, tributary to the state in connection with which they are named. Here the word probably refers to the Ionians or Carians whom Psammitichus, the father of Nechoh, had settled at Bubastis, and who served in his army as auxiliaries (Herodotus 2.152, 2.154).

Uz. —A district of Edom, famous as the scene of the great drama of the book of Job. It is commonly identified with the Arabia Deserta of classical geography (see Notes on Job 1:1; Genesis 10:23).

The land of the Philistines. —The four cities that follow belong to the same region. “Azzah” is the same as Gaza. In this instance, and also in Deuteronomy 2:23 and 1 Kings 4:24, the translators of the Authorised Version adopted this form instead of the more familiar one from the Septuagint and Vulgate. “Gath,” which appears in the older lists of the five lords of the Philistines (1 Samuel 5:8; 1 Samuel 6:17; 1 Samuel 7:14), has disappeared, having possibly seceded from the confederacy. The “remnant of Ashdod” (the Greek Azotus) is a phrase characteristic of the prophet’s time. The Egyptian king Psammitichus had captured it after a siege of twenty-nine years, in B.C. 630 (Herodotus 2.157).