Charles Ellicott Commentary Jeremiah 52:30

"in the three and twentieth year of Nebuchadrezzar Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard carried away captive of the Jews seven hundred forty and five persons: all the persons were four thousand and six hundred." — Jeremiah 52:30 (ASV)

In the three and twentieth year of Nebuchadrezzar... — There is no record of this final deportation, five years after the capture of the city, in the historical books. It probably followed the conquest of Egypt predicted in Jeremiah 44:11, 28, and included some of those who had emigrated to that country; perhaps also the conquest of the Moabites and Edomites, among whom many Jews had probably taken refuge. The total number, including the 10,000 who are not mentioned here (see Note on Jeremiah 52:28), amounts to 14,600.

In Ezra 2:64-65, the number of those who returned from Babylon is given at 42,360, besides 7,337 male and female slaves. This combined number, especially since many remained behind in Babylon, is more than can be accounted for by the natural increase of population. Assuming the correctness of the numbers, we are led to the conclusion that after the exiles were settled in Babylon and found themselves in a more favorable position than was at first anticipated (Jeremiah 29:5–6), they were joined by friends and relatives who hoped to be better off there than in the desolation and disorders of their own country.