Charles Ellicott Commentary Judges 6:22

"And Gideon saw that he was the angel of Jehovah; and Gideon said, Alas, O Lord Jehovah! forasmuch as I have seen the angel of Jehovah face to face." — Judges 6:22 (ASV)

When Gideon perceived. —The last sign gave him a deeper sense than before of the grandeur of the messenger who had come to him.

Alas! —There is no need to supply “I shall die” at the end of the clause, but that this was the apprehension in Gideon’s mind is shown by his cry of alarm.

For because. —Rather, for this purpose. The belief that death or misfortune would be the result of looking on any Divine being was universal among the Jews. We find it in Judges 13:22; Genesis 16:13; Genesis 32:30; Exodus 20:19; Deuteronomy 5:24–25. He said, “You cannot see my face, for no one shall see me and live” (Exodus 33:20; Isaiah 6:5; Luke 5:8). The existence of the same belief among pagans is shown in the legends of Semele, Actæon, Psyche, etc., and Callimachus sings, “Whoever, unless by God’s own choice, looks on any of the immortals, sees them only at his own great cost.”