Charles Ellicott Commentary Leviticus 22:10

"There shall no stranger eat of the holy thing: a sojourner of the priest`s, or a hired servant, shall not eat of the holy thing." — Leviticus 22:10 (ASV)

There shall no stranger eat of the holy thing. —By “stranger” here is meant a non-Aaronite who was a stranger to the priestly family, though he was an Israelite, or even a Levite. The holy things are the peace offerings. (See Leviticus 7:30.)

A sojourner of the priest. —This, during the second Temple, was a Hebrew servant whose ear had been pierced, and who thus became his master’s property until the year of Jubilee. (See Exodus 21:6.)

Or an hired servant. —That is, a Hebrew servant who is hired for several years, and who goes out free after six years. (See Exodus 21:2.) Neither of them was the property of the priest, though his labor and services belonged to him. As these Hebrew servants could not be bought with money like a heathen slave, they were treated like strangers, or non-Aaronites, and hence were not permitted to partake of the holy food.