Charles Ellicott Commentary Leviticus 25:11

"A jubilee shall that fiftieth year be unto you: ye shall not sow, neither reap that which groweth of itself in it, nor gather [the grapes] in it of the undressed vines." — Leviticus 25:11 (ASV)

A jubile shall that fiftieth year be to you. —According to the unanimous testimony of the authorities during the Second Temple, including Philo (ii. 287-290) and Josephus (Antiquities iii. 12, § 3), the jubilee was observed every fiftieth year, as is plainly enjoined both in the verse before us and in Leviticus 25:10. As the forty-ninth year is the sabbatical year and the fiftieth year the jubilee, there were two successive fallow years.

You shall not sow. —As the fiftieth year is jubilee, and partakes of the nature of the sabbatical year, sowing and reaping are forbidden.

Neither reap that which groweth of itself in it. —That is, the spontaneous growth of this year is not to be made into a regular harvest and stored up. (See Leviticus 25:5.)

Vine undressed. —See Leviticus 25:5.