Expositor's Bible Commentary Commentary 1 Timothy 5:4

"But if any widow hath children or grandchildren, let them learn first to show piety towards their own family, and to requite their parents: for this is acceptable in the sight of God." — 1 Timothy 5:4 (ASV)

The case is different with a widow who has “children or grandchildren.” In that case, they are to take care of her. “To put their religion into practice by caring for their own family” is literally “to show piety toward one’s own household.” In so doing they would be “repaying” (GK 625) those who brought them up. This is “pleasing” (GK 621) to God.

The Jewish synagogues gave careful attention to the care of their widows, and the early church followed that custom (Acts 6:1). This was due to the fact that in the culture of those days, a widow could not ordinarily find any employment and so would need financial support. Today, with insurance income, social security, and job opportunities, the situation is very different. But each church should still see to it that no widow in its congregation is left destitute. Christian love demands this, and it is especially appropriate in view of the NT concept that all believers are one in Christ, fellow members of the family of God. We should care for each other.