Expositor's Bible Commentary Commentary John 3:4

"Nicodemus saith unto him, How can a man be born when he is old? can he enter a second time into his mother`s womb, and be born?" — John 3:4 (ASV)

Nicodemus’s reply may be interpreted in two ways. At first sight he appears to be quite materialistic in his attitude, thinking that Jesus was advocating what was impossible—a second physical birth. On the other hand, perhaps he meant, “How can a man whose habits and ways of thinking have been fixed by age expect to change radically?” Physical rebirth is impossible, but is spiritual change any more feasible?