John Calvin Commentary 1 Peter 5:7

"casting all your anxiety upon him, because he careth for you." — 1 Peter 5:7 (ASV)

Casting all our care. He more fully sets forth here the providence of God. For from where do these proverbial sayings come—"We shall have to howl among wolves," and "They are foolish who are like sheep, exposing themselves to wolves to be devoured,"—except from our thinking that by our humility we give free rein to the audacity of the ungodly, so that they insult us more outrageously?

But this fear arises from our ignorance of divine providence. Now, on the other hand, as soon as we are convinced that God cares for us, our minds are easily led to patience and humility. So that, then, the wickedness of men may not tempt us to a fierceness of mind, the Apostle prescribes a remedy for us, and David also does in Psalm 37, so that having cast our care on God, we may calmly rest.

For all those who do not rely on God’s providence must necessarily be in constant turmoil and violently assail others. We ought all the more to dwell on this thought, that God cares for us, in order, first, that we may have peace within; and, secondly, that we may be humble and meek towards men.

But we are not commanded in this way to cast all our care on God, as though God wished us to have unfeeling hearts and be void of all feeling; but so that fear or anxiety may not drive us to impatience. In the same way, the knowledge of divine providence does not free people from every care, so that they may securely indulge themselves; for it ought not to encourage the sluggishness of the flesh, but to bring rest to faith.