John Calvin Commentary Galatians 3:22

"But the scriptures shut up all things under sin, that the promise by faith in Jesus Christ might be given to them that believe." — Galatians 3:22 (ASV)

The Scripture has concluded. The word Scripture chiefly intends the law itself. It has concluded all under sin, and therefore, instead of giving righteousness, it takes it away from all. The reasoning is most powerful: “You seek righteousness in the law, but the law itself, with the whole of Scripture, leaves nothing to men but condemnation; for all men, with their works, are pronounced unrighteous: who then shall live by the law?” He alludes to these words:

He who shall do these things, shall live in them (Leviticus 18:5).

Shut out by it from life through guilt, he says, in vain would we seek salvation by the law. — The word translated all (τὰ πάντα) signifies all things, and conveys more than if he had said all men; for it embraces not only men, but everything which they possess or can accomplish.

That the promise by faith. There is no remedy but to throw away the righteousness of works and turn to the faith of Christ. The result is certain. If works come into judgment, we are all condemned; therefore, by the faith of Christ, we obtain a free righteousness.

This sentence is full of the highest consolation. It tells us that wherever we hear ourselves condemned in Scripture, help is provided for us in Christ, if we turn to him. We are lost, though God were silent. Why then does he so often pronounce that we are lost? It is so that we may not perish by everlasting destruction, but, struck and confounded by such a dreadful sentence, may by faith seek Christ, through whom we pass from death into life (1 John 3:14).

By a figure of speech (μετωνυμία), in which the thing containing is put for the thing contained, the promise denotes that which is promised.